“Δόξα τω Θεώ” is an ancient form. The phrase has survived in modern Greek and it means “Thank God”.
“τω Θεώ” is an ancient case called “Δοτική”, which does not exist in modern Greek. Its use has been replaced by the accusative and genitive cases.
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Vasiliki Baskou, Instructor/Director, https://learn-greek-online.com.